Profession matrose
Sailors stand watch to look for obstructions in path of vessel, measure water depth, turn wheel on bridge, or use emergency equipment as directed by captain, mate or pilot. Break out, rig, overhaul and store cargo-handling gear, stationary rigging and running gear, and perform a variety of maintenance tasks.
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Tasks matrose
- Stand watch in ship's bow or bridge to look for obstructions or to locate navigational aids such as buoys and lighthouses.
- Alert deck officers when other vessels, navigation marks or hazards are sighted.
- Load or unload cargo to and from vessel and secure it.
- Steer ship under the direction of commander or navigating officer, following designated course, or direct helmsmen to steer.
- Stand by wheel when ship is on automatic pilot, and verify accuracy of course using magnetic compass.
- Handle ropes, wire mooring lines, gangways and ladders when the ship is berthing and unberthing.
- Stand gangway watches to prevent unauthorized persons from boarding ship when in port.
- Operate, maintain and repair ship and deck equipment and appliances (e.g. winches, cranes, derricks, cargo gear, rigging, and lifesaving and firefighting devices).
- Remove rust, treat and paint ship's sides and structures, and assist in maintaining and repairing ship's engines and mechanical equipment.
- Overhaul lifeboats and lifeboat gear, lower or raise lifeboats with winches or falls, and man lifeboats in emergencies.
- Maintain cleanliness of decks and structures, and clean ship's fresh water, ballast and oil tanks and cargo compartment.
- Set and strike ship's flag.
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- Writer of technical texts
Knowledge
- Vessel safety equipment
Gain theoretical and practical knowledge of safety equipment used in vessels, including devices such as lifeboats, life rings, splash doors and fire doors, sprinkler systems, etc. Operate equipment during emergency situations.
- National regulations on handling cargo
The national regulations governing the loading and unloading of cargo in ports within that country.
- On board hazards
Prevent on board (electrical) hazards and effectively deal with them should they occur; ensure safe embarkation and disembarkation of the vessel.
- Environmental aspects of inland waterway transportation
Consider ecological aspects of the operation of ships in order to use vessels in an efficient and environmentally friendly manner. Understand environmental aspects when navigating inland waterways.
- Influence of winds and currents in the steering of ships
Know what influence current, wind strength, and wind direction have on a vessel's navigation and manoeuvring abilities.
- European classification of inland waterways
Understand the European CEMT classification of inland waterways; use modern information systems to compare the dimensions of the waterway to those of the vessel.
- Types of cargo
Distinguish different types of cargo e.g. bulk cargo, liquid bulk cargo and heavy materials.
- Inland waterway police regulations
Understand waterway rules, legal requirements, and relevant police regulations. Handle and maintain buoys, marking systems, and day and night signs.
- Principles of combustion engines
Basic knowledge and understanding of different types of engines and their construction and performance.
- Passenger transport regulations
Have knowledge of passenger transport conventions and regulations.
- Anchors used in inland water transport
Name and recognise different types of anchors used in inland water transport (IWT); explain the characteristics of different anchors and their specific uses.
- International regulations for cargo handling
The body of conventions, guidelines and rules which dictate the activity of loading and unloading cargo in international ports.
Skills
- Moor vessels
Follow standard procedures to moor vessels. Manage communication between the ship and the shore.
- Maintain ropes
Maintain splices and knots in ropes.
- Perform vessel maintenance and cleaning
Follow the First Mate's instructions in assisting with equipment maintenance such as painting or varnishing, splicing lines, and wash-down chores.
- Communicate reports provided by passengers
Transmit information provided by passengers to superiors. Interpret passenger claims and follow up requests.
- Maintain vessel engine room
Maintain the engines and engine room equipment of a vessel. Conduct pre-checks prior to departure and ongoing examinations during the voyage.
- Maintain service record book
Maintain service record book, in which data related to the on-board time, activities, signatures of skippers, and other details are recorded.
- Secure cargo in stowage
Secure cargo stowage with basic knowledge of stowing methods; ensure efficient and safe transport of goods.
- Use riverspeak to communicate
Use Riverspeak to communicate in technical and nautical terms.
- Use modern electronic navigational aids
Use modern navigational aids such as GPS and radar systems.
- Obtain information on various nautical subjects
Obtain information on various nautical technical and safety subjects.
- Adhere to traffic regulations on inland waterways
Understand and apply traffic rules in inland waterway navigation in order to ensure safety and avoid collisions.
- Use equipment for safe stowage
Use tools and equipment to perform safe stowage and ensure proper loading and securing of goods.
- Load cargo onto ships
Load and unload cargo onto ships. Oversee cargo loading and discharging operations.
- Adjust weight of cargo to capacity of freight transport vehicles
Adapt weight of cargo to capacity of freight transport vehicles. Oversee the maximum load capacity of the vehicle in question and the weight of each individual crate in the shipment.
- Unmoor vessels
Follow standard procedures to unmoor vessels. Manage communication between the ship and the shore.
- Understand different types of locks and their operation
Master various engineering constructions and functions of bridges and locks in the field of navigation. Conduct locking and entering procedures.
- Follow written instructions
Follow written directions in order to perform a task or carry out a step-by-step procedure.
- Comply with checklists
Follow checklists and ensure compliance with all the items included in them.
- Operate life-saving appliances
Operate survival craft and their launching appliances and arrangements. Operate life-saving instruments like radio life-saving appliances, satellite EPIRBs, SARTs, immersion suits and thermal protective aids.
- Assist passenger embarkation
Assist passengers when they embark vessels, aircraft, trains and other modes of transport. Keep safety measures and procedures in mind.
- Assess stability of vessels
Assess the two kinds of stability of vessels, namely transversal and longitudinal.
- Execute safety assurance exercises
Organise and execute safety exercises; ensure safety in potentially dangerous situations.
- Ensure integrity of hull
Ensure sure that water does not break the hull; prevent progressive flooding.
- Use ballasts
Manipulate ballast system; empty and refill ballast tanks.
- Paint ship decks
Detect and remove rust using primers and sealants; paint vessel decks to fend off oxidation process.
- Swim
Move through water by means of the limbs.
- Prepare engine room for operation
Prepare and start main engine and auxiliary engines; prepare machinery in engine room prior to departure; know and follow starting procedures according to checklist.
- Operate marine communication systems
Operate on board marine communication systems; communicate with other ships or with on-shore control centre e.g. to send urgent messages concerning safety; transmit or receive alerts, etc.
- Apply regulations on cargo transport operations
Display knowledge of relevant local, national, European and international regulations, standards, and codes concerning the operation of freight transport.
- Maintain vessel technical equipment according to instructions
Operate and maintain technical equipment and devices according to technical instructions.
- Use waterway traffic control systems
Operate various systems of waterway traffic control; cooperate with traffic control operators, lockkeepers and bridge keepers.
- Steer ship in compliance with helm orders
Steer a ship using various propulsion and steering systems, while under supervision and complying with helm orders.
- Facilitate safe disembarkation of passengers
Assist passengers when they leave the vessel, aircraft, train, or other mode of transport. Keep the safety measures and procedures in mind.
- Follow verbal instructions
Have the ability to follow spoken instructions received from colleagues. Strive to understand and clarify what is being requested.
- Assess trim of vessels
Assess the trim stability of vessels, referring to the stability of a vessel while it is in a static condition.
- Steer vessels
Operate and steer vessels such as cruise ships, ferries, tankers, and container ships.
- Secure ships using rope
Use rope to secure and untie the ship before departure or upon arrival.
- Use different types of fire extinguishers
Understand and apply various methods of firefighting and various types and classes of fire extinguishing equipment.
- Undertake navigation safety actions
Recognise unsafe situations and perform follow-up actions according to the safety regulations. Immediately warn ship management. Use personal protective and rescue equipment.
- Navigate European inland waterways
Navigate European waterways in accordance with navigation agreements.
- Follow procedures in the event of an alarm
Follow safety procedures in the event of an alarm; act according to company instructions and procedures.
- Read stowage plans
Read and comprehend content of stowage plans; basic knowledge of how to stow various types of cargo.
- Provide first aid
Administer cardiopulmonary resuscitation or first aid in order to provide help to a sick or injured person until they receive more complete medical treatment.
- Help to control passenger behaviour during emergency situations
Know how to use life-saving equipment in emergency situations. Provide assistance if leakages, collisions or fires should occur, and support the evacuation of passengers. Know crisis and crowd management, and administer first aid on board.
- Launch lifeboats
Launch and retrieve lifeboats following international maritime regulations.
- Assist anchoring operations
Assist during anchoring operations; operate equipment and assist in anchor manoeuvres.
- Perform daily maintenance on ship machinery
Perform daily maintenance tasks on machinery in ships, such as pumps, piping systems and ballast systems.
- Clean parts of vessels
Clean engine rooms and vessel components using appropriate cleaning materials; ensure compliance with environmental regulations.
Optional knowledge and skills
prevent damage to electrical devices on board principles of mechanical engineering show confidence physical parts of the vessel ensure vessel compliance with regulations prepare simple meals on board operate vessel engine room distinguish various types of ships show intercultural awareness perform manual work autonomously inland waterway ship building vessel fuels perform services in a flexible manner use different communication channels vessel stability principles act reliably act as a watchstander engine components implement environmental protection measuresSource: Sisyphus ODB